After all, the back of those Nirvana smiley shirts read, "FLOWER SNIFFIN KITTY PETTIN BABY KISSIN CORPORATE ROCK WHORES."Īfter rave and grunge had turned the smiley into a symbol of the counter-culture, something new was coming that would affect the way we think about the smiley forever: the internet. While vintage band tees have always been sought after, they peaked in a mainstream sense circa 2016. Quite what Cobain would have made of Urban Outfitters recreating "vintage" band tees for 30 bucks, we'll never know, but maybe a 21st-century Cobain would have given this criminally underrated Vine a like. Nearly 30 years later, Nirvana's smiley still pops up all the time. In true Gen-X style, the updated logo was given a heavy dose of irony, crossing out the eyes and adding a tongue sticking out of the mouth as if the smiley were dead. To this day, rave culture and the smiley face are synonymous, even if there was resistance when the culture hit the headlines, with the media latching on to the smiley as a symbol of hedonism.īack across the Atlantic in the early ’90s, Nirvana's Kurt Cobain bastardized the smiley for his band's logo just as Nevermind and grunge were blowing up. The decor of the club - a gym in South London with a 5 a.m. license - was covered in hand-painted smiley banners." "Their use of the icon was to convey the happy and loving vibe of the club, in no small part caused by the widespread use of ecstasy. "To my knowledge, the first use of the smiley in rave culture was on early flyers for Danny Rampling’s night Shoom, the very first Balearic house night in London, which gave birth to acid house culture in the capital," says Ollie Evans, owner of vintage retailer Too Hot Limited. Its interior shows a surface which is shaped by 'aeolian' (wind-caused) activity as seen in numerous dunes and dark dust devil tracks which removed the bright dusty surface coating.Sharon Walker, reflecting on the movement 30 years later for The Guardian, wrote, "I joined the queue of kids dressed in the acid house uniform of Day-Glo dungarees and smiley T-shirts." This vision of nightclubbing couldn't have been any further from the glamorous and chic styles at nightclubs such as Studio 54 in New York 10 years prior. The 'face' was first pointed out in images taken during NASA's Viking Orbiter 1 mission. Galle (1812-1910), is informally known as the 'happy face' crater. Several parallel gullies, possible evidence for liquid water on the Martian surface, originate at the inner crater walls of the southern rim.Ĭrater Galle, named after the German astronomer J.G. The images of the 230 km diameter impact crater are mosaics created from five individual HRSC nadir and colour strips, each tens of kilometres wide.Ī large stack of layered sediments forms an outcrop in the southern part of the crater. The images show Crater Galle lying to the east of the Argyre Planitia impact basin and south west of the Wirtz and Helmholtz craters, at 51° South and 329° East. The HRSC obtained these images during orbits 445, 2383, 2438, 24 with a ground resolution ranging between 10-20 metres per pixel, depending on location within the image strip. These images, taken by the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on board ESA's Mars Express spacecraft, show the Galle Crater, an impact crater located on the eastern rim of the Argyre Planitia impact basin on Mars.
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